Letters, Sounds and their Relationship.
Phonics instruction helps children learn the relationships between the letters of written language and the sounds of spoken language. Phonics is generally a part of the curriculum in grades K-2, but can extend farther for students in higher grade levels depending on their needs/deficiencies.
The Alphabetic Principal - the idea that letters and letter patterns represent the sounds of spoken language. The alphabetic principle is the understanding that there are systematic and predictable relationships between written letters and spoken sounds.
Phonics instruction helps children learn the relationships between the letters of written language and the sounds of spoken language. Phonics is generally a part of the curriculum in grades K-2, but can extend farther for students in higher grade levels depending on their needs/deficiencies.
The Alphabetic Principal - the idea that letters and letter patterns represent the sounds of spoken language. The alphabetic principle is the understanding that there are systematic and predictable relationships between written letters and spoken sounds.
Components of Phonics:
Letter and Sound Identification
Letter and Sound Identification
Consonants and Vowels
Chunking, Segmenting, Syllabication
Consonant patterns
Onset-rime (Word families - Phonograms)
Rhyming
Blending
Structural analysis
Structural analysis
Morphemic analysis
Context clues
Sight words- 100 words to learn per grade level (for automaticity) ~ Fry's Lists, Dolch Word Lists
Spelling
Dictionary skills
Terminology:
Word Analylsis- ability to know the sounds of words and word meaning as one reads.
Word Attack-ability to know the sounds that make up words and to be able to put the sounds together.
Decoding- the ability to use the knowledge of letter-sound relationships to accurately read a word.
Phonological Awareness- the realization that language can be analyzed/manipulated. (rhyming, word segmentation/syllables, word substitution)
Example: "helmet" is a word and it has 2 syllables
Phonemes- the smallest unit of speech sounds.
Phonemic Awareness- the ability to hear/be aware of the individual sounds within words.
Example: The word Tree has 3 phonemes: (t), (r), (long e)
Phonics- ability to understand that letters and sounds have a relationship and the ability to blend together letters making a new sound. How sounds are represented by letters.
orthography -the writing system of a language.
The Phases of Spelling:
1. Precommunicative Phase- Random letters and drawings, lines that are organized
2. Semiphonetic Phase- Space between words, consonants and long vowel knowledge/usage, letter
names comes from the letter sounds, letters and sounds hold meaning
3. Phonetic Phase- Sounds are represented in writing. phonic knowledge/skills are used
4. Transitional Phase- Some high frequency words can be spelled correctly (sight words)
5. Standard Phases- Most words are spelled correctly
-Leu and Kinzer
Find the following Phonics/Sight Words Activities at TeachersPayTeachers.com-
Alphabet Arcs, Sweet Sounds of Segmentation, Consonant Clusters, Popular Words in Kinder, Popular Words in First Grade, Popular Words in Second Grade, Word Families-Scrambled Word Families, Be My Vowel-entine
